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Jehovah or Yahweh?
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From “Answers To Your Bible Version Questions” ©2001 David W. Daniels.
Why doesn’t the King James Bible always translate “Yahweh” as Jehovah?
Answer: You expressed a concern about the following statement by Gail Riplinger:
“Now we are seeing a parallel move within the new Bible versions where it’s not Jehovah anymore it’s just ‘Lord.’ It’s not Jesus Christ it is just ‘the Christ.’”
You are correct that the KJV uses “LORD” to translate the divine name in most instances. However, there are seven instances in which the KJV translators used “Jehovah” for very specific reasons. Gail Riplinger actually was correct that modern Bibles have removed “Jehovah” in these seven instances.
The KJV translators used the name “Jehovah” whenever the name Yahweh was found under one of the following three conditions:
1. When YHWH is used as God’s personal name.
Exodus 6:3 And I appeared unto Abraham, unto Isaac, and unto Jacob, by the name of God Almighty, but by my name JEHOVAH was I not known to them.
Ps 83:18 That men may know that thou, whose name alone is JEHOVAH, art the most high over all the earth.
2. When God’s name is repeated as “Jah Jehovah.”
Isaiah 12:2 Behold, God is my salvation; I will trust, and not be afraid: for the LORD JEHOVAH is my strength and my song; he also is become my salvation.
Isaiah 26:4 Trust ye in the LORD for ever: for in the LORD JEHOVAH is everlasting strength:
3. When God’s personal name is part of a place name.
Jehovah-jireh
Genesis 22:14 And Abraham called the name of that place Jehovah-jireh: as it is said to this day, In the mount of the LORD it shall be seen.
Jehovah-nissi
Exodus 17:15 And Moses built an altar, and called the name of it Jehovah-nissi:
Jehovah-shalom
Judges 6:24 Then Gideon built an altar there unto the LORD, and called it Jehovah-shalom: unto this day it is yet in Ophrah of the Abi-ezrites.
Jehovah was the pronunciation of JHVH (YHWH) that the English speaking people understood as the Personal Name of God. So in places where the Personal Name of God was emphasized, the King James translators transliterated the Name Jehovah.
Jehovah or Yahweh?
While I am sure that God does not care whether we pronounce His personal Name as Jehovah or Yahweh, even the New American Standard translators admit the fact that “It is known that for many years YHWH has been transliterated as Yahweh, however no complete certainty attaches to this pronunciation” (Principles of Translation from the “Preface to the New American Standard Bible,” 1997 edition). The pronunciation is a moot point.
If the vowels added later in Hebrew (200-700 AD by the Massoretes) are not the way to pronounce the Name of God, then there is nowhere that we can find the correct pronunciation. Many modernist “scholars” say that Yahweh was a local god that was elevated by the tribe of Israelites to the One God. They say Yahweh was the consort (lover) god of Baal, maybe even female! But if you say, “Jehovah” (just like when you say, “hell” instead of “sheol”) people know what you are talking about: The One Personal, Invisible God of Israel and the Christian Church.
Gail Riplinger has a point. Something as clear and meaningful as this has been stripped of its significance by the generic word “LORD” or “GOD” in these specific seven instances. Just because the modern bibles (including the NKJV) changed it does not mean they IMPROVED it.
The King James translators understood, as our modernist translators do not, that there was significance in these specific seven places, where the personal name of God was referred to. They transliterated JHVH as Jehovah only in these places, for these good reasons. The modernists have once again simply decided to hide these significant points from the reader.
“LORD” or “Jehovah/YHWH” in Genesis 2:4 et al.?
“These are the generations of the heavens and of the earth when they were created, in the day that the LORD God made the earth and the heavens,” (Genesis 2:4, KJV)
The KJV, as with most other translations, uses “LORD” (in all capital letters) to refer to the covenant name of God. The Hebrew word is “יהוה” (YHWH), which is called the Tetragrammaton. The Jews refrained from pronouncing this sacred name lest they accidentally take God’s name in vain. These Jews adopted the practice of reading the Tetragrammaton as “Adonai”, which is the Hebrew word for “Lord”. While some critics claim that this was just a peculiar practice of Judaism, Jesus himself adopted this practice. Whenever Jesus quoted Old Testament passages that have the Tetragrammaton, he translated the Hebrew “יהוה (YHWH)” as “kurios,” which is the Greek word for “Lord.” Thus Jesus used either an Aramaic or Greek word for “Lord” to translate “יהוה.” At the very least, the New Testament writers used “kurios” to refer to the Tetragrammaton. Here are some examples:
The LXX, the ancient Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible, also translates “יהוה אלהים (YHWH Elohim)” as “κύριος ὁ θεὸς (Kurios ho Theos).” If Greek-speaking Jews, early Christians, and our Lord himself translated YHWH as the word for “Lord” in their respective languages, then we too in English can translate YHWH as “LORD.” If we are supposed to translate YHWH as “Jehovah” or “Yehovah” at all times, then these forms of the Tetragrammaton should appear at least once in the New Testament. They do not. While some claim that all of the extant New Testament manuscripts are corrupted, and that the originals had “Jehovah”, there is absolutely no evidence of such unanimous corruption. Lastly, the very reason that the Tetragrammaton even came to be pronounced as “Jehovah” is because the the Jews pronounced the name as “Adonai” (Lord). Since the Tetragrammaton consists of consonants only, the vowels which were added were taken from the three vowels of “Adonai” (the “i” in Adonai is actually a consonant (Yod) in Hebrew). JHVH (the Latin form of YHWH) became JaHoVaH, which eventually permutated into English as “Jehovah”. Thus it makes no sense to say that YHWH should never be read as “LORD” but only as “Jehovah”, because the name “Jehovah” would not have arisen if it were not for Jews reading YHWH as “LORD”. |
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Ridiculous KJV Bible Corrections:
Who is Yahweh?
by John Hinton, Ph.D.
jhinton@post.harvard.edu
Ex 6:3 And I appeared unto Abraham, unto Isaac, and unto Jacob, by the name of God Almighty, but by my name JEHOVAH was I not known to them.
Ps 83:18 That men may know that thou, whose name alone is JEHOVAH, art the most high over all the earth.
Isa 12:2 Behold, God is my salvation; I will trust, and not be afraid: for the LORD JEHOVAH is my strength and my song; he also is become my salvation.
Isa 26:4 Trust ye in the LORD for ever: for in the LORD JEHOVAH is everlasting strength:
The above quoted verses are the four verses where the name of God is pronounced in the KJV (as well as the ASV, and a few other English versions). There is a popular movement to replace the name of God, Jehovah, with the name Yahweh. This is being pushed especially hard among those in the Identity and Christian patriot movements, and especially among the alternative news community prominent on the shortwave, which some Christians perceive of as being a source of more purer form of broadcasted Christianity. There are exceptions, but overall this is nonsense because the shortwave Christian broadcasts are frequently every bit as commercialized (just different products) and apostate as the “Christianity” that is broadcasted on TV.
Eph 2:2 Wherein in time past ye walked according to the course of this world, according to the prince of the power of the air, the spirit that now worketh in the children of disobedience:
This movement to alter God’s name with absolutely nothing that resembles scriptural, textual, or linguistic support, has misled huge numbers of Christians into denying the Bible and accepting the work of Bible-scoffing atheists who have dominated the academic field of biblical studies since the mid-nineteenth century. I even hear people who claim to be King James Bible supporters use this perversion of the name of God. If they deny what the KJV says about the name of God, then they do not believe the KJV is God’s word. In fact, they do not believe that the Hebrew Old Testament is God’s word either, because it clearly says Yehovah, which becomes Jehovah in English pronunciation, and pronounced He’ova in Spanish. If one can change that word simply on a whim, which is all the Yahweh spelling is, then they can deny the spelling of absolutely any other word in the entire Hebrew Bible.
This is one of the times that it is particularly important to use the proper Hebrew text. The perverted Hebrew text of Rudolf Kittel, derived from the Ben Asher text with Kittel’s amendments, which is known as the Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (BHS), may mislead any Hebraicist who tries to follow my argument if he looks at the wrong verses. The better Ben Hayim text, which is what the KJV and earlier translators utilized, should be used to understand the issue properly. The BHS is inconsistent in its vowel markings for YHVH (Yehovah), while the Ben Haim text is consistent. Among the Jehovah verses listed above, the second vowel (O) is included only in the Exodus verse in the BHS text, although it does appear in numerous other passages throughout the text. It is better not to use the text that was derived from the work of a Nazi and atheist, which is promoted by atheists, and instead use the unaltered text that was traditionally used before the great falling away of the modern era. If the reader does choose to use the faulty text, the results will be the same, but he may be confused by inconsistency of the diacritics, although in no verse can the diacritics be claimed to spell out Yahweh.
Myth of No Vowels
First we must deal with the common myth and that is that there are no vowels expressed in the Hebrew text. This is a convenient line of nonsense for those who want to change the text to fit their own views, but it is a dishonest line. Elaborate diacritic marks, called pointing by English-speaking Hebrew scholars, provide extensive information for vowels, doubled letters, stops, and other phonological features. Bible “correctors” are either ignorant of this fact or they pretend that they do not exist. Those who are aware of them and argue that they may be ignored because they were introduced into the text by the Massoretes at a later date are giving themselves free rein to alter virtually every word in the entire Hebrew Old Testament. Not only do these biblical detractors deny God’s promise to forever preserve his word, every jot and tittle, but they open the door for Bible manipulation that has no other criteria than personal judgment or fancy. If we are to deny the Masoretic reading we can do no end of mischief to the text by inserting our own vowels, doubled letters, and stops. This allows us to change positives into negatives, passives into actives and vice versa, statement verbs into causative verbs and vice versa, to convert verbs into nouns and vice versa, and to even change the entire meaning of the verb itself. Many words could have several or even a dozen different varied meanings by toying with the pointing. Furthermore, some diacritics indicate different letters entirely. A dot over the right side of a shin indicates an SH, while a dot over the left side of it indicates an S. A dot inside of a vav is pronounce like a long U while a dot over the vav turns it into an O, so the removal or addition of such a dot is fair game to the Yahweh crowd. A dot inside a Pe is pronounced like P, while if it lacks a dot it become an F. Similarly a Bet with a dot is a B and a V without one. A number of other letters have similar features of changing their sounds according to the presence or position of a dot. If we are to ignore the vowel pointings, we are equally justified in changing S to SH and vice versa, or many other consonant changes, since the Massoretes were responsible for the consonant identifying diacritics as well. Suggestions to alter the text is a common method of attacking the Bible that has been employed by Bible-scoffing scholars in academia for over 100 years, it is a common practice that I encountered frequently among fellow students in Hebrew classes. The practice is taught and encouraged by those who consider the Bible to be mythology.
It is amazing to see this being done by people who claim to honor the Bible. Dr. G.A. Riplinger, in her tome, In Awe of His Word, points out that ignoring the vowel marks in the Hebrew allow Jews and atheists to remove future references to our Saviour from the Old Testament by toying with these vowels. [Riplinger, pp. 433-434]. For this reason vowelless Tanakhs (Hebrew name for Old Testament) are sometimes used. In fact, if the Masoretic diacritics are ignored, there is scarcely a word in the entire Bible, if there is any at all, that cannot be altered or changed completely. Why is it that alleged Bible-believers think that it is wrong to change words in the Bible into entirely different words, but it is alright to ignore the reading of the Hebrew text and alter the name of God without any evidence to support their altered reading other than the opinion of 19th century atheists? In fact, they are changing it when linguistic evidence shows that the pronunciation that they are using is wrong.
Textual Preservation
The suggestion that the diacritics of the Hebrew text can be ignored not only indicates a belief that God not only lied about preserving his word, but that texts cannot be preserved without the help of modern style scholarship. Texts have survived intact without the help of modern scholarship and computers throughout history, and these include texts that God did not promise to preserve.
The Qur’an was not originally written down, but was only memorized. Still today men called hafizes exist all over the Muslim world who memorize the entire Qur’an and can recite any part of it at will. For the first couple hundred years or so that the Qur’an was written down there were no dots at all in the text due to the lack of an actual established alphabet for Arabic (early scripts like Nabatean previously existed, but were regional and temporal). This meant that not only were vowels, doubled letters, and stops not indicated, but most consonants were indistinguishable. There was no orthographic way to distinguish B, T, TH, N, and Y. Likewise the same can be said of J, H, and KH, or D and DH, or R and Z, or S and SH, or emphatic D and emphatic S, or emphatic T and emphatic DH, or F and Q, or Ayn and Ghayn, Imagine the confusion that a diacritic-free Qur’an could have caused, but through the work of hafizes and serious Muslims who had great familiarity with the words of the Qur’an, the text has been preserved since the seventh century with only very slight variations in a few minor spots in an Egyptian recension.
The Vedas are another example. The generally accepted date for the Rigveda is somewhere between 1500 to 1200 B.C. It was not written down for centuries, but memorized by individuals whose whole lives were devoted to retaining it in their heads and passing it on. To this day all four Vedas are completely memorized by certain Hindu priests who no longer even know what the text means (Vedic is quite different from later Sanskrit). There were a number of different geographically separated traditions of Vedic priesthoods. Centuries later some of these schools wrote down the text, and it was discovered to the shock of western scholars that they completely agreed with only minor insignificant discrepancies in a few places.
If Muslims and Hindus can accurately preserve their texts, why is it so hard for Christians to accept that a the text that they consider to be divinely inspired could not be accurately preserved when God promised that it would be! The faith of modern Christians is weak indeed!
The Pointing of YHVH
Throughout the Hebrew text the name YHVH appears with two different forms of pointing. The first and most common is with the pointings, sheva, holem, and kamats, (e-o-a), and the second with the vowels E-o-i. I have used e to represent the short vowel that is similar to the English schwa (the Hebrew Sheva can also indicate a stop, but the short vowel sound is phonetically required here), while E is used for the long vowel. Notice that nowhere is there a stop and an E as in Yahweh, nor is there an A as in father in the first syllable. Clearly the y-e-h-o-v-ah spells out Yehovah. How on earth does one get Y-a-h-stop-E out of that? If you want to butcher his name by calling him Yahweh, you have to do so by disregarding the text. Do so at your own peril. In the second pointing the name should be read as Elohim, which will be discussed below.
There is vast historical evidence showing that the pronunciation of Jehova/Yehova goes back thousands of years. In the 18th century John Gill outlined examples of the Jehovah pronunciation going back before the time of Christ. The following examples of its use appear in Gill’s work and are listed In Awe of Thy Word: “An occurrence from 277 B.C. (p. 249), Josephus in 70 A.D. (pp. 219, 221), the Zohar from 120 AD, A copy of Lamentations from 200 AD, Origen in Psalm 250 quotes Psalm 118:25 where Jehovah is mentioned three times, Jerome in 380 AD, and the grammarian Saadiah Gaon’s book on Hebrew diacritics cited the vowels of Jehovah.” [Gill, quoted in Riplinger, p.425]
GOD, LORD, and JEHOVAH
We have to deal with the issue of why the KJV, and most ancient and modern versions of the Bible, do not translate this name as Yehova or Jehova in all but a few verses. For centuries Jewish tradition, without which we would have no Bible, considered the name of God to be too lofty to pronounce. There were differences in the extent to which this reverence was expressed, since some spoke his name only when his name was being emphasized, as it is in the four verses above, and others would never utter it at all. For this reason the word for Lord, Adonai, is uttered wherever his name YHVH appears. The tradition of translating this occurrence as LORD in all caps is understood to represent YHVH, but is used to show respect for him as a superior. Wherever the actual word for “Lord” appears with YHVH, Elohim was uttered, hence the diacritics E-o-i. This is done so that he is not referred to as Lord Lord.
This practice should not be difficult to understand, but apparently in the modern day where etiquette and formality have been cast aside, it is not understood at all. We know God the Father’s name, but that does not mean that is the name that we should use casually as we would an equal. Doing so on a regular basis is overly familiar and indicates an attitude of chumminess rather than showing the respect and pious fear that God demands from us. Almost everyone knows the name of their fathers and mothers, but few address them or even refer to them by their names. I address my mother as mom. Forty some years ago I addressed her as mommy, and even earlier as mama. I will never get old enough to consider it proper to address her by her first name. She is my friend, but she will always be my elder and parent, and I would not undermine that relationship and show her disrespect by addressing her by her first name. The only time that I use her name is when I am introducing her to others who do not know her name, and then I introduce her as my mother before I provide her name. When I refer to her to that person from then on, I refer to as my mother and not by her name. I wonder if the crowd that throws God’s name out so casually do the same with their parents. Do they refer to their own fathers as Bill or Joe. Why do they do so with The Father. Jesus did not even do that when he addressed God The Father.
Mr 14:36 And he said, Abba, Father, all things are possible unto thee; take away this cup from me: nevertheless not what I will, but what thou wilt.
Mt 26:39 And he went a little further, and fell on his face, and prayed, saying, O my Father, if it be possible, let this cup pass from me: nevertheless not as I will, but as thou wilt.
Mt 26:42 He went away again the second time, and prayed, saying, O my Father, if this cup may not pass away from me, except I drink it, thy will be done.
Nowhere do we find an occurrence of Jesus referring to God The Father by his personal name. We are supposed to be using Jesus as the model for our behavior, not 19th century atheist scholars and white supremist Identity cult members.
At this point it should not be necessary to explain why the name Jehovah was used in these passages instead of LORD. God’s name is being identified in them. The Exodus passage is where this name of God is introduced to the Israelites for the first time. The Psalm 83 is also mentioning that it is his name, and the Isaiah verses are referring to a name of God, Lord Jehova (YHVH is not pointed like Elohim as it is in other occurrences where the name is not being emphasized). These passages indicate how God might be introduced to someone who does not know him or recognize him as Lord; they are not invitations to address him by his name as you would an equal.
Modern Jews will still not utter his name even here when it is being identified, but they do not treat the occurrence in Exodus 6 the same way that they treat the name YHVH elsewhere. The Jewish Publication Society Version uses the actual Hebrew letters for YHVH with a footnote that reads: “The ineffable name, read Adonai, which means the L.”
Here modern versions like the RSV really blew it with “I appeared to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob, as God Almighty, but by my name the LORD I did not make myself known to them.” Numerous other modern versions make similar errors. The ever foolish NIV has: “I appeared to Abraham, to Isaac and to Jacob as God Almighty, but by my name the LORD I did not make myself known to them.” It should be noted that these verses are serious evidence of the superiority and efficiency of the King James Bible translators. These occurrences of YHVH are different in the way that they are presented and the KJV translators and others before them recognized them as such. The RSV and other modern version “translators” had the KJV as a reference, which they all used, and they still failed to recognize it. The ASV and Darby got it right, but only because they were using the KJV as their “translation” guide (although they were perverting it).
Pronunciation
Those who are opposed to the KJV and call God by name Yahweh are not only giving an erroneous pronunciation of his name according to the pointing of the text, but according to the pronunciation of the Hebrew itself. As Gail Riplinger astutely points out in her Awe of Thy Word, the Hebrew vav is pronounced as V not W. This error came about due to the misreading of German Hebrew grammars, which use W for the English V (note: the German V is pronounced like the English F). If these Bible “correctors” want to ignore the Hebrew text and pronounce his name as suggested by 19th century atheistic mythologists, they should use the name Yahveh so that at least they would appear less ignorant. It always puzzled me to hear atheistic scholars at Harvard pronounce the name as Yahweh when the same scholars would always pronounce the vav as a V every other place that they use it. Apparently this perversion of his name has become so well established within the Bible-scoffing and Bible-correcting communities that even those who know better mispronounce even the perverted variation of his name. It confused me that they would pronounce it as if it were an Arabic word instead of Hebrew word until I understood the purpose of the corruption, which is the subject of the next section.
Yahweh the Storm God
Kittel, like most biblical scholars within the academic community today, was a believer in the storm god theory. Storm gods of Near Eastern and Vedic mythology were responsible for storms and disease. Riplinger quotes from an article that he wrote in The New Schaff:
“The origins of Yahweh worship…it appears that this cult was established before Deborah…Thus Yahweh appears as an old deity of Sinai, revered in untold antiquity as a weather-god…” (The New Schaff, Vol. XII, p. 472).” Riplinger also points out theat the early perversion of the name of God was used by a Catholic in the fifth century who did not know Hebrew by the name of Theodoret who confused it with a Syrian Jabe. (The New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, Vol. XI). Later, prominent atheist scholars such as Driver of Brown, Driver and Briggs Hebrew Dictionary fame (the text that James Strong plagiarized for his concordance’s dictionary), proposed connections with deities from Aramaic and Babylonian texts named Yaho, Ya-hu, or Yave.
Riplinger also provides a list of reference of critics who proposed that the God of the Bible’s name was derived from various Canaanite gods with names such as Yave “(These critics include: von Bohlen (Genesis, 1835, p. civ.), Von der Alm (Theol. Briefe, I,1862, pp. 524-527), Colenso (The Pentateuch, V, 1865, pp. 269-84), and Goldziher (Der Mythus bei den Hebrern, 1867, p. 327). (See also: Driver, Studia Biblica, I. 20; I, 5; Encyclopedia Britannica, 11th edition, 1910-11, vol. 15, pp. 311-314, s.v. Jehovah; Delitzsch, “Wo lag das Paradies,” 1881, pp. 158-164; “Lesestucke,” 3rd ed., 1885, p. 42, Syllab. A, col. I, 13-16).”
Many etymologies have been suggested for the meaning of the name YHVH. The eternal one is one suggested by some Christians, and is how it is actually translated in French translations (l’Eternel). This is based on the root of the verb hava’ or havah, meaning to be or exist. Obviously this could also be translated as “the one who is.” Another verb havah (spelled the same, but with a different set of meanings) means to blow. It could be theorized that the name YHVH means “he who breathes life into living things.” An intensive meaning of this same verb means to blow furiously or to storm. This meaning can be used by modern scholars to support their storm god theory, which shows the possible mischief that can be created through imaginative etymologies. Riplinger refers to the suggestion of some atheist scholars that Yahwe means to destroy. This is in line with the storm god theory, that is that it comes from another similar Semitic root that means to destroy, hence they suggest that God’s name means the destroyer.
This is not the only example of God’s name being perverted by modern atheist scholars. I was taught that a possible meaning of God’s name of El Shaddai could be “god of the Mountains” being derived from an Ugaritic word meaning mountain. The common Semitic root shadd means to be mighty, powerful, violent, and the like. It appears in Hebrew and Arabic. In Ugaritic it appears that there is a word that means mountain that contains the same radicals. It could be an unrelated word, or it could actually mean volcano, which is a violent or powerful mountain, but in any event there is no reason to connect the Ugaritic meaning with the Hebrew word. The biblical word’s meaning is very obvious by examining the Bible, and even the modern versions know that Almighty is the proper translation. A simple verse comparison is all that it is needed, since the Bible contains its own definitions of its words. Only scholars who want to reduce God to a tribal storm god like those of the Mesopotamian and Hittite cultures suggest El Shaddai is the name of an Ugaritic storm god. The same storm god that they also call Yahweh.
The name El also is used to conflate the mythological god of Ugaritic texts, ‘Il, with God. In order to make this comparison more convincing ‘Il is almost always transliterated as El in spite of the fact that ‘I is the vowel normally used (Ugariticists almost invariably follow the a,i,u vowel scheme of Arabic). In either case ‘Il, ‘El, or ‘Al, is the word for God or a god in Semitic languages (Akkadian & Ugaritic illum, etc.). Textual evidence exists for many ancient cultures that show that a belief in an all powerful creator, or single God, once prevailed. Later demons, or what they call lesser gods (asuras or devas in the Vedic and Hindu spheres) began to be worshiped in place of God, and God himself was reduced to a powerless weakling or even a fool in the literature of these cultures. The ‘Il, or El as they call him, of Ugaritic texts was the worst mockery of God the Creator to ever survive in literature. Scholars of Ugaritic know very little about the language, and much of what they present as translation of the corpus is nothing but guesswork and tomfoolery, but what comes through in their interpretations is that the Ugaritic El is a mockery of God. He is presented by some scholars as a drunk who falls down in his own feces and urine. He is described in pornographic sexual terms by some, and as impotent by others. The only thing that we can be reasonably sure of is that this mythological perversion of divinity is not a noble figure at all. The illum of Mesopotamian cultures were little better. They were nothing but petty demons with petty desires. The same thing happened with the Vedic of Central Asia, the Hindu cultures of India, the Egyptians, and the ancient Chinese. This ancient plot to cast God aside, to mock him, and replace him with multitudes of demons is thousands of years old, and modern scholars perpetuate it by their efforts to conflate God with such perversions.
This perversion of the name of God is carried into the rhetoric of modern day heretics and apostates. I remember hearing the New Age, pseudo-patriot named Len Horowitz ranting about the word God. His contention is that God is dog spelled backward and that somehow this was done intentionally. This backward spelling has long been noticed by overt Satanists (Horowitz being a covert one) and used for the purpose of maligning God. Horowitz is doing the same through the back door. It should be noted that the German word for God is Gott, while their word for dog is hund. The Gothic words, which are much older than any occurrence in English or German is Gud and hund, so positing that the word God came about because it is dog spelled backward is ludicrous like most of his perverse Hindu-based theology.
Using reasoning that is at least as stupid, many modern day heretics and apostates also attack the title Lord as applied to God. Their reasoning is based on the fact that the word Baal means lord, so they posit that the biblical title of God as Lord comes from Baal worship. This convoluted argument ignores the fact that baal is only used for petty lords and husbands in Hebrew when it is applied to men. Only Adonai is used for Lord in the Bible, while Baal is used as a name for the false god of the Canaanites, who is always denounced. The actual word Adonai appears frequently in the Bible and is represented by the spelling Lord with lower case letters in the KJV and other translations. Removing the word Lord from the Bible is blasphemy of the worst order. What the Yahweh cult is doing in essence is proclaiming that God is not their God, nor is he their their Lord, but a storm god whom they address on equal terms is their master.
Y to J Issue
The final issue that must be addressed concerns the conversion of Y to J. This is such an utterly silly and ignorant criticism that I find it embarrassing that there are actually Christians that present it as an argument. I already dealt with the issue in my article on the name of Jesus, but I will restate some of it here with some additional historical linguistic information provided by Dr. Riplinger. Y becomes a J in every name in English, French, and Spanish. In English the J is pronounced like J in Japan, while in French it is pronounced like S in pleasure, in Spanish it is pronounced like an H, in German it is pronounced like Y. This is a phonological and orthographical issue, not a theological one. There is no theological issue at stake in how one language interprets a certain phoneme. In every case of a name in Hebrew that begins with a yod (Y) it is pronounced with the appropriate phoneme for that language. This came about through phonological and orthographical changes in the developments of those languages. Even Hebrew itself went through huge phonological and orthographical changes in its long history. God’s name is not a magic word to be chanted for power as the name cult seems to suggest for both the names of God and Jesus. My name comes from a Hebrew word meaning given by God, which begins with a Y in Hebrew. It is Jean (zhan) in French, Juan (hwan) in Spanish, Giovanni in Italian, Hans in German, Yani in modern Greek, Ivan (eevan) in Russian, Yahya or Hanna (with a heavy H) in Arabic, and other variations exist in other languages. They all translate as John and I have no trouble adapting to any of them within the respective cultures and there is no reason for me to be insulted by any of these names. On the other hand, being addressed by a made up name based on a pagan deity would insult me.
If these name cultists find the J so objectionable, why don’t they refer to Elijah as Elaiyah, Jeramiah as Yeramaiyah, Jacob as Yakov, Jonathan as Yanatan, Jerusalem as Yerushaleem, and so forth. For that matter why don’t they use the Hebrew pronunciation for all of the names in the Bible, such as Dahveed, Moshe (Moses), Shmu’el (Samuel), Sha’ul (Saul), Shlomo (Solomon), and so forth, if they consider the issue to be so important. Since those who call God by a name that is not even Hebrew at all, and since they do so without a scrap of evidence to override the very solid evidence to the contrary, why do they have any constraints at all about inventing whimsical pointings for other names in the Bible? Why not call David Dahwid, Duwad, Diwad, or Deewud. Or how about Da’ud as Arabic pronounces it? Since Yahwe sounds like an Arabic word (except for the long A) this should go over well. Better yet, why not Dood. After all, as I have already pointed out, the vav is read as a long U when there is a dot in the middle of it. The modern translations that want to relate to the modern youth could spell him Dude. Think of the great “Christian” rock lyrics that could come from that. While we are at it why not call Moses Mose instead of Moshe so it fits the atheist scholars view that his name is related to an Egyptian pharaoh with a similar name. Moshe could also be Masih (Arabic for Messiah), Shlomo could be Sulemaw, and Shmu’el could be Smiwal?
For those who still who are still confused about the phonological issue of sound changes between and within languages, the following historical-linguistic summary from the World Book Encyclopedia concerning the Y to J conversion as it relates to English should be helpful.
“The sound of the Hebrew letter jod came into English as the letter ‘I,’ used as a consonant and having the soft ‘g’ sound, like today’s ‘j.’ In the past the letter ‘I’ was used as both a vowel (i) sound and as the consonant ‘j’ sound. The OED says that the sound of ‘j,’ though originally printed as ‘I,’ was pronounced as a soft ‘g’ (Oxford English Dictionary, Unabridged, 2nd Edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1991, s.v. J). The ‘JE’ sound in JEHOVAH was spelled ‘IE’ and pronounced as ‘JE.’ To distinguish the consonant sound (soft ‘g’) of the letter ‘I’ from the vowel sound of ‘I,’ many scribes in the 1200s began putting a tail on the soft ‘g’ ‘I’,’ making it look like our modern ‘J.’ The Spanish, in the 1500s, were the first to more consistently try to distinguish the consonant I (soft ‘g’) sound as the shape of a ‘J.’ At that same time English printers used ‘J’ and ‘I’ fonts interchangeably (as documented elsewhere in this book). During the 1600s, most languages began consistently using the extended ‘I’ form, now called a ‘J,’ to represent the ‘j’ (soft ‘g’) sound.” [quoted in Riplinger, p. 418]
Summary
What it boils down to is that modern rebels wish to change the names of God, eliminate them, malign them, and assimilate them into false religions. It is more than just a way to puff themselves up as possessing arcane metaphysical knowledge lacking in others, but as a way to get around the issue of having to be born again. To these rebels the possession of this Kabalistic knowledge, and its usual return to the Old Testament law (which they only do in words, not deeds), replaces repentance and rebirth. Conversion, repentance, and living by Christian standards has been replaced by using a mantra that is based upon using a “corrected” name of God, and a “corrected” name of Jesus (I dealt with his name in RBC #58). Unfortunately for them, God’s Word tells them in John 3:3 that “. except a man be born again, he cannot see the kingdom of God.” We are also told the same thing in John 3:7 and 1 Peter 1:23:
Joh 3:7 Marvel not that I said unto thee, Ye must be born again.
1Pe 1:23 Being born again, not of corruptible seed, but of incorruptible, by the word of God, which liveth and abideth for ever.
What is amusing is that those who make a big deal out of the conversion to J, and who contradict the Bible by calling God Yahweh while still calling themselves Bible-believers generally know about as much about Hebrew as the average Australian aborigine knows about Lithuanian. It troubles me how very few people realize that the god that they now worship, named Yahweh, is derived from a storm god created by atheist scholars following in the steps of the late 19th century skeptics, and that these atheists are feeding them much of their theology (although this was the last thing that any of them intended).
Some may wonder why I know so much about these Bible-scoffing atheists of the scholarly community. It is because I used to be one of them. This familiarity is a byproduct of years of intense comparative religion study without the Holy Spirit to guide me. The Bible cannot be understood without spiritual discernment, no matter how deeply one studies philology, archaeology, history, and allied fields of scholarship. Like other secular scholars I studied Hebrew with intensity in order to understand the Bible from the perspective of a historian and philologist. I did the same thing with cuneiform languages (Akkadian, Sumerian, and Hittite), Arabic, Sanskrit, and Greek, and their associated religious traditions. I was given numerous fellowships, scholarships, and awards as a student, so I was quite successful in their world, but one thing separated me from my colleagues, which was an awareness that something was wrong with the whole endeavor. It is one-sided, spiritually empty, misguided, destructive, without merit, grossly naïve, ignorant, and void of anything resembling value, and even from an atheistic point of view it is without value (what could have value in a Godless universe?). After a while I could no longer consider my work to be a worthy labor, and I was unable to justify anything that I was doing at all. Only after I came to the point that I could no longer take serious the acquisition of knowledge for knowledge’s sake alone, and face the truth of my own miserable and sinful nature and my need for salvation, did the Lord, whom I had previously denied and blasphemed, call on me to humble myself before him and seek his forgiveness and guidance. It was only after I responded that I began to really read the Bible and to understand it. I also knew immediately that the KJV was the only Bible that I could use, because it was the only one that was attacked by the atheist and apostate Christian crowd that I had come to know so intimately, and it was the only one that had the power of God upon it. Reading the NIV, RSV and so forth, were like drinking Kool Aide with aspartame instead of fresh squeezed fruit juice, or like listening to a recording of Britney Spears instead of a Bach Cantata. Reading the Anchor Bible, the favorite of many “higher” critics, was like drinking antifreeze instead freshly squeezed fruit juice, and Black Sabbath instead of a Bach Cantata. I no longer tried to view God as a local Near Eastern storm god (or plague deity), or as a god with similarities to Varuna or Rudra of the Rigveda, because I am no longer blind. Today, I find it mind boggling that many who have been calling themselves Christians for years use a name for God that is derived from the world that I left behind, not the one that I entered upon when I got saved.
I will end this essay with three questions addressed to those Christians who abuse God’s word by perverting the name of God. (1) Why would you allow yourself to be influenced by Bible-scoffers who treat the Bible as a book of mythology instead of as Scripture? (2) Where did you get the authority to change both the English and Hebrew texts of the Bible when neither one of them is ambiguous in the least? (3) Do you think that God is going to honor you for doing so?
I hope that those of you who call God Yahwe who really do want to be Bible-believing Christians are not so proud and arrogant that you feel that you cannot repent of a clear error that you have made in ignorance. As for those of you who choose to continue to slander the Lord now that you can no longer claim ignorance, I will dust off my sandals.
For Further Reading
Gill, John (1697-1771). A Dissertation Concerning the Antiquity of the Hebrew Language, Letters, Vowel-Points and Accents.
Riplinger, Gail. In Awe of Thy Word: Understanding the King James Bible, Its Mystery and History, Letter by Letter, 2003.
The preceeding is part of a series of examples of KJV verses that arrogant would-be scholars have tried to correct and showed themselves to be fools. These examples are for the benefit of those who would like more ammunition to defend God’s Word against the attacks of the arrogant Bible “correcting” modernists. I hope that some of you find them useful.
Your servant in Christ,
John Hinton, Ph.D.
Bible Restoration Ministry
A ministry seeking the translating and reprinting of KJV equivalent Bibles in all the languages of the world.
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