Paul Washer is a Delusional, Convoluted Calvinist: Beware!

Paul Washer Preaching Repentance, Hell, and Sin? WHY Bother?!

How Very Absurd for Calvinists like Paul Washer, Tim Conway, John MacArthur, John Piper, Vodie Baucham, Etc. to preach these things!  How Very Absurd!

Trio of Calvinist Frauds

Wolves in sheep’s clothing like John MacArthur, Vodie Baucham, and Paul Washer, etc. preach repentance and yet these frauds are all calvinists and so they believe that no one can make the free will choice to obey Jesus’ command to repent. To call this convoluted delusionment would be an understatement. Run from these calvinist warlocks! | Calvinism is Heresy 

Calvinists are snakes. They hide this evil, demonic system of beliefs just like Satan attempted to hide his identity when he entered the pristine, sinless Garden, infiltrating, to deceive the man and woman. His first lie was the OSAS/ES/perseverance of the saints lie which led to the fall of mankind and is still leading to the damnation of millions (Gen 2:17; 3:4).

Beware. Personally, I do not collude with and find common ground with calvinists. Calvisnism is “another gospel” and those preaching it are “accursed.” (Galatians 1:6-9) Vodie Baucham and Paul Washer are calvinist snakes. These wolves can scream all they want as they seek to be profound in their staged speech. I don’t buy it. They are both convoluted heretics. Finding reasons to fellowship with a calvinist is no different than seeking to have communion with catholics. In fact. John Calvin admittedly got his heretical doctrines from a catholic named Augustine. | The Historical Roots of Calvinism

Paul Washer is a calvinist which makes him a false teacher. Calvinists believe the heresy of “perseverance of the saints” and you wonder why they don’t fear the LORD? Why he doesn’t preach in the fear of the LORD? Calvinisms “perseverance of the saints” heresy is paramount to the eternal security/once saved always saved lie from hell.

Is it warranted to call out Paul Washer? This is a warranted warning (Romans 16:17-18; Jude 3-4, etc.). Paul Washer is a typical calvinist snake who hides behind a few truths and then poisons the baited victims later. Speaking of doctrine, Paul warns: “A LITTLE leaven leaveneth (ruins) the whole lump.” (Galatians 5:9)

Paul told us that any man or even an angel from Heaven (not hell) “preach ANY other gospel”, such a person is “accursed.” (Galatians 1:6-9) Calvinism is clearly another gospel, a false gospel.

WHEN you hear someone use the terminology “sovereign grace” you know you are dealing with a deceived calvinist who has bought into a false gospel that intentionally over-emphasizes grace while ignoring divine holiness and justice and the God-given conditions for abiding in Christ. Cross-less. Rebuke and run if they don’t repent – which they most likely won’t because they are intoxicated with this delusion. Calvinism is a system, a set of doctrines of devils that grossly misrepresents Christ and His original Gospel!

Calvinism and the Devils who Peddle it Busted!

Calvinism is an extra-biblical system of theology which blatantly contradicts clear, known Scripture. 1 John 2:2 alone exposes calvinism as a doctrinal system of devils.

1 John 2:2 alone disproves the whole grace-perverting extra-biblical system of calvinism. “THE SINS OF THE WHOLE WORLD.”

Much of that which is called “the deeper life” is laced with calvinistic poison and not truly centered on Christ at all. It refuses His call, His mandate for the crucified life Jesus and replaces it with sin-justifying heresy – the 5 points of calvinism. Beware!

MESSAGE RECEIVED:

“I listened to Paul Washer a couple times. He sounded very mean spirited and started to doubt my salvation several years ago as a baby Christian. Glad I got away from him!” Sarah

REPLY:

Yes well as we peer into the demonic doctrines of calvinism it becomes obvious as to the arrogance.

This email message (below) makes me think of how people like Paul Washer (a vile calvinist) sensationalize being a “radical” follower of Jesus. Makes me wonder if Satan’s plan in this type preaching isn’t to separate people from God through these type ministries that seem to complicate and sensationalize the simplicity of the Gospel of Jesus, living humbly while denying self daily and following Jesus (Luke 9:23-24). I wonder if the effect of this type glorification of becoming a “radical” doesn’t have the opposite effect of what it seems on the surface to be aimed at. This below came in my email today. Please pray for this dear lady named Ana.

“To begin with, I was born again about 10 years ago but most of that time I’ve been severely depressed to the point of losing all hope in this life. Basically many of my spiritual struggles stemmed from an inaccurate view of God that I developed by reading all kinds of very radical books and sermons which made me afraid of God and biblical Christianity. I have some better days but I still struggle with a lot of things and I wish I could be like others, just fully trusting and following the Lord with an open heart.”

— WHY would any calvinist (like Washer) bother street preaching or doing any ministry since in their demented view, God sovereignly elects some to eternal life and some to damnation without the personal will of the individual, forcing them to be His whether they like it or not? The Idiocy of Calvinism

Paul Washer seeks to hide his calvinistic heresies. He refuses to come out and admit that he espouses this diabolical system of theology. He will not come out and admit it when asked which adds to the concern. Washer is deceitfully hiding the fact that he embraces these diabolical beliefs.

Calvinism is doctrine and the image of Satan, not God. God is love and so loved the whole world that He gave Himself on that cross …. Jesus told us before He went to that cross that when He did He would “draw all men” to Himself (John 12:32). WHY O WHY would Jesus tell us He was going to “draw all men” if His intention wasn’t to save all men? (John 12:32; 1 Timothy 2:4; 2 Peter 3:9) God’s Word informs us that Jesus Christ is “the propitiation (atoning sacrifice) for the sins of WHOLE world.” (1 John 2:2) It’s time to repent of this damning system of heresies before it’s too late. All who teach calvinism are hell bound false teachers without exception. 

Calvinists are Snakes

Works-Based Salvation, Dramatizing Story Teller Paul Washer Exposed Also as a Vile Calvinist

“For such are false apostles, deceitful workers, transforming themselves into the apostles of Christ. 14 And no marvel; for Satan himself is transformed into an angel of light. 15 Therefore it is no great thing if his ministers also be transformed as the ministers of righteousness; whose end shall be according to their works.” 2 Corinthians 11:13-15

Every false leader has his own unique niche gig to build his constituency – his following. Beguilers use the phenomenon of the cult of personality to gain and build their following. There seems to be contrived emotional fakery and theatrics added to Paul Washer’s preaching, preying upon those who long for the truth. Yet, such a lack of truth speakers in this late hour does nothing to justify using this vacuum to exploit others with human drama, antics, and effects to capture the affections of their hearts while robbing Christ of this glory (Colossians 2:6-10, 18-19). Anti means in place of and any human leader who puts himself in place of Christ by not elevating Christ alone, is an “antichrist.” (2 Thessalonians 2:1-4; Colossians 2:4-10, 18-19; 1 John 2:18; 4:1-6) Some are claiming that Paul Washer has been elevated as a type of pope among reformed theology adherents and evangelical circles.

Mike Manners writes:

“These Paul Washer fans are seeking to establish their own Righteousness through their human works. Lordship Salvationists require people to forsake their sinful lifestyle to be saved. Jesus never asked us to give up anything to be saved—He simply told us to BELIEVE. Jesus proclaimed in John 11:25, ‘I am the resurrection, and the life: he that believeth in Me, though he were dead, yet shall he live.’ Salvation is a FREE GIFT as Romans 5:15 states, paid for by the precious blood of Jesus Christ. ‘Repentance’ in the Bible simply means ‘a change of mind.’ The changed life comes later, as we grow in the Lord (1st Peter 2:2). A changed life is the result, or fruit, of genuine repentance, and not repentance itself. We don’t go to Heaven because of what we are doing, but because of where we are looking to…JESUS!”

Perhaps something in us wants to feel like we ourselves are meriting or helping in the LORD saving us. This is part of the fallen nature which must be denied, crucified. Scripture states:

“Now to him that worketh (tries to earn salvation) is the reward not reckoned of grace, but of debt. 5 But to him that worketh not, but believeth on him that justifieth the ungodly, his faith is counted for righteousness.” Romans 4:4-5

What does any mere man or men have that isn’t in Scripture or is above Holy Scripture? Zilch.

Paul Washer has an agenda of his own and this is clear for at least two reasons:

1. He is a calvinist which means he operates by an un-biblical, anti-biblical system of theology, and,
2. Washer goes on and on and on without Scripture.

When a man preaches what seems to be very good doctrine and yet seldom reads a lot of Scripture compared to his own words, that man believes his own words are more powerful and more important than the LORD’s.

“Speak with my words unto them.” Ezekiel 3:4

“If any man speak, let him speak as the oracles (written Word) of God.” 1 Peter 4:11

IT’S pure idolatry that people will listen to Paul Washer for an hour or more and yet won’t read God’s Word for themselves for an hour. Wow! Then they will attack the messengers who are bringing this to the light. Jesus warns us to “repent” before it’s too late. He’s calling His true Bride to relinquish all human idols of the heart and to set their affections upon Him alone:

“Nevertheless I have somewhat against thee, because thou hast left thy first love. 5 Remember therefore from whence thou art fallen, and repent, and do the first works; or else I will come unto thee quickly, and will remove thy candlestick out of his place, except thou repent.” Revelation 2:4-5

Those who are impressed with mere men either 1) do not know the Almighty LORD and Savior, OR 2) are very immature spiritually.

To the astute Bible student who puts no one before Christ and the final authority of His Word, Washer should be easily detected by his imposter spirit and false doctrine (Acts 17:11; 2 Timothy 2:15; 1 John 4:1-6). Something in us should have been alarmed from the onset of watching Washer.

If you are upset because your favorite calvinist preacher is being examined, you do not understand the Word of God nor do you comprehend the Christ-denying, diabolical perversion of calvinism and perhaps have no clue as to how important pure doctrine is to the LORD. Any leader who believes and peddles the demonic doctrines of calvinism is a dangerous man at best and should be avoided and marked, no matter how much truth he does preach. There’s deadly poison in the pond. In the depths of his heart, the calvinist is the very enemy of the cross of Christ, willingly deceived, and a mocking betrayer of the Almighty. Most who buy into the OSAS and calvinistic cancer are simply those who refuse to die to self and so migrate to this sin-justifying system of theology, concocted by men and devils, that dismisses them from all personal responsibility to die to self (Matthew 16:24-25; Luke 9:23-24; Galatians 2:20; 5:24, etc.). Such a system of lies makes God out to be the very author of sin (James 1:13-15). Sound Doctrine for a Glorious Church

As you will see below, to escape the scourge of being named a calvinist, Paul Washer cleverly calls himself a “5-Point Spurgeonist” which means calvinist without attaching the label of “calvinist” to himself. Charles Spurgeon, called by some “the prince of preachers,” was a calvinist. This alone tells us that God has nothing to do with Spurgeon being called “the prince of preachers.” To true Bible believers, the apostle Paul is perhaps the princely preacher. In other words, if any mere man were to merit such a title, it would be one of Christ’s divinely authenticated apostles.

Earnestly contending for the faith once delivered to the saints is a divine mandate – especially against those who are turning the saving grace of God into a license for sin and that’s exactly what the heresies of calvinism do (Jude 3-4). Paul says that “a little leaveneth the whole lump” and so while Spurgeon taught some biblical truth, he poisoned the pond with calvinism’s cancerous doctrine of devils. Here’s the roots of calvinism, rooted in catholicism. Calvinism by Ken Rieske 

Paul Washer and the Pope Connection Exposed! | Paul Washer is in League with Known Heretic John MacArthur – 2 Pawns in a Pod!

Remember, those who believe and teach “another gospel,” which is anything other than the original Gospel, are “accursed.” (Galatians 1:6-9) So, on this divine authority – that of the very Word of God – we can soundly know that those who teach Satan’s system of theology (such as calvinism and eternal security) are not Christians but rather evil and stealthy imposters (Genesis 2:17; 3:4). Beware because some of those who are exposing Paul Washer are still deceived into thinking that salvation cannot be forfeited. OSAS/Eternal Security Busted

Any and all men who teach calvinism and/or OSAS (once saved always saved) are teaching “another gospel” and are false teachers and “accursed.” (Galatians 1:6-9) And, we are commanded to “earnestly contend” against these “ungodly men” who are through their teachings “turning the grace of our God into lasciviousness” which is a license to sin (Jude 3-4)

It does not matter one single iota that calvinists will swear up and down that they are not justifying sin or sinful living. Remember, these, like their father, are silver tongued deceiving devils and their false teachings are leading people into sinful “lasciviousness” (license to sin) just as Jude warns us of and just as Satan tricked the man and woman into in the Garden (Genesis 2:17; 3:4).

Be not deceived: Paul Washer sounds convinced of what he is preaching and yet that is completely separate from whether or not what he is preaching is true or false. It’s sad that so many who hear preachers who sound like they know what they’re talking about, buy into their teachings instead of studying the Bible God gave them for themselves!

“There is a way which seemeth right unto a man, but the end thereof are the ways of death.” Proverbs 14:12

Those who do not love the truth are given by God Himself a “strong delusion, that they should believe a lie.” (2 Thessalonians 2:9-12) That is, they will believe a lie as strongly as truth-loving authentic saints of Christ believe and embrace the truth. There are imposters among us saints – those posing as Christ’s ministers who are actually agents of Satan himself.

“But what I do, that I will do, that I may cut off occasion from them which desire occasion; that wherein they glory, they may be found even as we. 13 For such are false apostles, deceitful workers, transforming themselves into the apostles of Christ. 14 And no marvel; for Satan himself is transformed into an angel of light. 15 Therefore it is no great thing if his ministers also be transformed as the ministers of righteousness; whose end shall be according to their works.” 2 Corinthians 11:12-15

Who else could be a more sinister beguiler and tool of Satan himself other than a person who preaches mostly truth? Yet, a gallon of pure fresh water with just one tiny, invisible drop of arsenic will still kill you door nail dead, right?

“A little leaven (false teaching) leaveneth (ruins) the whole lump.” Galatians 5:9

God forbid that we be so gullible as to make a heart idol out of any mere sinful man, in this case such as Paul Washer (Ezekiel 14:3). Isn’t this exactly what a third of the angels in Heaven did to Lucifer before they were all vanquished irrevocably from the presence of the Almighty? (Luke 10:19) Obviously those third of the angels Satan deceived were convinced he was telling them the truth, right? They were dead wrong and so are we if we trust any mere man and do not diligently and daily study God’s Word and compare what mere men are preaching to the whole counsel of God’s written Word (Acts 17:11; 2 Timothy 2;15; 3:16-17, etc.).

Paul Washer preaching repentance, sin, and hell? Why?

For the record and with concern for Christ’s body … Paul Washer is a rank calvinist and just a little doctrinal leaven leavens the WHOLE lump. The doctrines of calvinisms are much more than just “a little leaven.” (Galatians 5:9) In the demented theology of calvinism, only those God had respect to – the special elect – should even bother repenting, trusting Christ, and dying to self and walking with Jesus because all others were created by God to just be hurt, damned, and forsaken. That’s the false god of calvinism and Washer.

“There is NO respect of persons with God.” Romans 2:11

And yet, if people get to listening to him and then get sucked in to his false and poisonous calvinism, they could be forever lost …. also, if we think about it, why repent unless you are one of the chosen elect? why bother?  after all, according to the diabolical calvinism that washer has deliberately chosen to buy into and preach, man has no choice in the matter….. do you see how ludicrous and hypocritical it is for a calvinist to preach repentance from sin?

Factor in the diabolical, ludicrous teachings of Calvinism and think about how ridiculous it is for clowns like Washer and John MacArthur, John Piper, Tony Evans, R.C. Sproul, Chuck Swindoll, Charles Stanley, David Jeremiah, Billy Graham to teach on sin, repentance, hell, etc. Were we not solemnly warned about and commanded to “earnestly contend” against these “ungodly” men who have “crept in unawares?”

THE VERY false “doctrines of grace” Paul Washer espouses as a calvinist are the very reason for the collapse of the American church. Quite ridiculous.

“Beloved, when I gave all diligence to write unto you of the common salvation, it was needful for me to write unto you, and exhort you that ye should earnestly contend for the faith which was once delivered unto the saints. 4 For there are certain men crept in unawares (undetected), who were before of old ordained to this condemnation, ungodly men, turning the grace of our God into lasciviousness, and denying the only Lord God, and our Lord Jesus Christ.” Jude 1:3-4 (KJV)

The Idiocy of Calvinism!

Here’s a video link … this says it all for me …. Washer goes on and on and on with very little Scripture, philosophying about things like the typical calvinist who is living a fairytale lie that will ultimately end in destruction …  watch this foolishness.  This video really shows what underlies Washer’s worldview and false theology as it does so many who hold influence in this late hour. It is more than obvious that Paul Washer’s theology is based on Calvinisms diabolical lies.

In this brief video below, Paul Washer admits he’s a calvinist by saying he is a “5-point Spurgeonist.” In other words, he knows Charles Spurgeon is popular among evangelicals and so attempts to piggyback on Spurgeon’s reputation. Apparently, true disciples of Christ are not a bit impressed with Spurgeon or any mere sinful man. They get their beliefs/doctrine straight from God’s written Word and say with Paul, “Let God be true and EVERY man a liar.” (Romans 3:4) In this piece we see Washer whitewashing calvinism as a legitimate system of theology. Lie. That’s a diabolical lie. As you will hear, Washer tells his audience that the lies of “calvinism is not the issue.” It sure is the issue with the Almighty who is “the truth” and whose “word is truth.” (John 14:6; 17:17) Calvinism makes God out to be a grand liar and an initiator and enabler of sin. In this video below, we also see Paul Washer speaking of the issue being regeneration and not calvinism and yet he conveniently leaves out the fact that calvinists believe that regeneration happens without the individuals free will or permission and BEFORE that individual even chooses to believe. Supposedly, in their mythical, wishful thinking fairy tale theology, calvinists believe that God chooses to come upon a special few elite persons and regenerates them without their will that He gave them to choose (Joshua 24:15; Deuteronomy 30:19). Washer perhaps deceitfully raises his voice to further be convincing – to seduce his audience into the bizarre teachings of reformed theology/calvinism.

No matter what else good Washer states, it doesn’t undo his false beliefs – He’s a calvinist which contaminates his whole body of truth (Galatians 5:9).

PAUL WASHER the POPE OF CALVINISM!!!

Jonathan Hoegle writes:

“I watched the video. Paul Washer describes how mankind is radically depraved and hates God, therefore it is only because of God that anyone is saved. According to him it is like we are all programmed to hate God and there is nothing we can …do about it, excepts hope that God calls our lottery number to salvation. If we do not have free will then our love or hate for God is an illusion because we didn’t make any decisions. Only moral free agents can love or hate, in Paul Washer worldview God is the Devil. It seems counter intuitive to preach at all if there is nothing we can do to help humanity get saved.”

“Thank you for exposing the likes of Paul Washer. He needs to repent and turn to the Christ of the Bible. Right now he is a poster child for the false doctrine of total depravity. He is leading many to the gates of hell.” Jeff Flaig

Paul Washer is an example of a very confused individual and convoluted theology. He preaches on giving up all, repenting, and suffering, etc., and yet, Washer is a rank calvinist which by definition means that there is no need to obey Jesus’ commands to give up all, repent, or suffer since it’s all be predetermined and man has not choice anyway – he is forced to love, worship, and serve the LORD due to a supposed divine predetermination.

If you wish to hear some hard, Bible truth, perhaps you may wish to tune in to people who honestly endeavor to speak the full-counsel of God’s Word. Find those who aren’t preach Calvinistic poison that robs the fear of God from your heart, makes you lukewarm and at ease in Zion, and ready for hell.  Here are some recommended sources:

• Leonard Ravenhill (various places on the net have his sermons)

All of these men use the Authorized Version / King James Bible. All men should. Please pray for those who don’t yet see the purity of God’s preserved Word and the poison of the new versions.

Paul Washer is a rank calvinist which means all else he says would be vain to listen to because just “a little leaven leavens the WHOLE lump.”

A man (beginning with this fool – me) who does not know God’s Word thoroughly, has no business leading others because as we see in this case, they are leading many astray (2 Peter 3:17). They may be sincere to some degree, yet they are sincerely wrong. These men are intentionally ignoring large parts of God’s Holy Word due to holding to a tradition which is a heresy (Mark. 7:6-10, 13).

Some recently have put together video preaching mixes with Leonard Ravenhill, David Wilkenson, and also Paul Washer and Tim Conway. Those are misguided souls and that’s a deadly mixture. Beware.

Conway and Washer are false teachers. So many who are searching for divine truth have bought the package.

When we truly repent of our idolatry of mere men, we will see all men for who they (we) are even in our “best state … altogether vanity.” (Ps 39:4-5)

Washer’s calvinism is the little leaven that leavens the whole lump of his teachings. To teach hard like he does and then be a calvinist is an utter contradiction. With the calvinistic fatalism, why does ANYthing matter when individuals have no choice ……. When a person understands first what Holy Scripture clearly states and also the blatant contradictions of calvinism, he will then see why Paul Washer’s teachings are completely contradictory. He tries to cover things up by teaching that “calvinism is not the issue” when it really is – it is the poison.

Feedback:

While I was doing my research I found this youtube video by Paul Washer from Heart Cry Missionary Society who is also an ardent Amillennialist (A Roman Catholic doctrine) and dabbler in Contemplative Spirituality. Paul Washer asserts that an 18th month old baby is totally and utterly evil. How Paul Washer can make such a statement is beyond reason. I suppose when you are Divinely Chosen you can say the most ludicrous things. This is a very shocking video. John Calvin’s reign of terror:

• He had Servetus burned at the stake on October 27, 1553,
• Gentile beheaded in 1566,
• 34 women burned at the stake after accusing them of being witches who caused a plague that had swept through Geneva in 1545,
• “Freckles” Dunant dies under torture in February 1545 without admitting to the crime of spreading the plague,
• Several men and women are apprehended including a barber and a hospital supervisor who had “made a pact with the devil.”  in 1545,
• 2 women executed by burning at the stake for sorcery by spreading the plague in March 7, 1545,
• Belot (an Anabaptist) chained and tortured – against infant baptism in 1545,
• 7 men executed concerning the plague outbreak in May 16, 1545,
• a child was whipped publicly for calling his mother a thief,
• a girl who struck her parents was beheaded,
• Jacques Gruet accused of writing a poster against Calvin, was arrested, tortured then executed in July 1546,
• and the list goes on, his victims ranging in age from 16-80.

If John Calvin was Elect, then so was Hitler!  58 murders is as good as 6 million.

Calvinism is a doctrine of devils, “another gospel” and those who peddle it are “accursed” and it doesn’t matter how Christian are sincere or well meaning they may appear (Galatians 1:6-9).

Satan will give people a million pounds of truth to kill them with that one ounce of poison. But calvinism has ample amounts of poison and no one who holds Scripture as final authority could possibly buy into it. “A little leaven leaveneth (ruins) the whole lump.” (Galatians 5:9) Here is a library of posts exposing the roots and false doctrines of calvinism. Calvinism

Please share as many are taken in by this man and have elevated him above Christ / the very Word of God which is final authority

Support | STORE

Paul Washer Exposed: Pope Connection Exposed!

Calvinism’s Origins and Historical Roots [podcast]

The words “sovereign grace” never appear in Scripture, neither does the fabricated concept invented by satanically-inspired calvinists. Yes God is sovereign and He sovereignly gave man free will. He forces no one to serve Him (Deuteronomy 30:19; Joshua 24:15).

MESSAGE RECEIVED:

“I can testify without blinking that Paul Washer is a bomb to many preachers, he is a blessed man.”

REPLY:

I can testify that the LORD Jesus Christ and His holy apostles are the only ones the Father gave His divine authority to to give us the Holy Scriptures which clearly contradict the calvinism espoused by Washer. 2 Peter 1:20-21 ….. It’s time to get your eyes off of mere men, repent. Perhaps you’ve formed a soul tie with Washer in lie of truly forming one with Christ. Just “A little leaven leaveneth (ruins, affects) the whole lump” Gal 5:9

A.W. Tozer wrote:

“I am convinced that many evangelicals are not truly and soundly converted. Among the evangelicals it is entirely possible to come into membership, to ooze in by osmosis, to leak through the cells of the church and never know what it means to be born of the Spirit and washed in the blood. A great deal that passes for the deeper life is nothing more or less than basic Christianity. There is nothing deeper about it, and it is where we should have been from the start. We should have been happy, joyous, victorious Christians walking in the Holy Spirit and not fulfilling the lusts of the flesh. Instead we have been chasing each other around the perpetual mountain.

What we need is what the old Methodists called a sound conversion. There is a difference between conversion and a sound conversion. People who have never been soundly converted do not have the Spirit to enlighten them. When they read the Sermon on the Mount or the teaching passages of the epistles that tell them how to live or the doctrinal passages that tell how they can live, they are unaffected. The Spirit who wrote them is not witnessing in their hearts because they have not been born of the Spirit. That often happens.”